Speed control of dc motor using triac pdf

Presentation on ieee topic, speed control of dc motor using triac. This article explains the structure, the speed control principle, and the features of the following three product groups that can control the speed relatively easily by using an analog input. Here instead of using diac and other components for firing triac here i am using micro controller 89c51 for this purpose. I am working on project of controlling speed of 3 phase induction motor. Triacs can also be used in microcontroller power control with a phase synchronization circuit. Aug 31, 2018 this is speed motor controller circuit of 12v dc motor. In this case, the voltage is a function of the firing angle of the triac. It is used in ac applications such as light dimming, motor speed control, etc. Another set up consisted of half bridge rectifier consisting of thyristor wherein the speed control for the same dc motor was carried out using the firing angle of the thyristor. The duty cycle of pwm will control the motor using an optocoupler to trigger the triac. As stated above, the diac is commonly used as a solid state triggering device for other semiconductor switching devices, mainly scrs and triacs.

Normally a pwm signal will be applied to the 1 st pin of moc3021 and the frequency and duty cycle of the pwm signal will be varied to get the desired output. Triacs are widely used in applications such as lamp dimmers and motor speed controllers and as such the diac is used in conjunction with the triac to provide fullwave control of the ac supply as shown. May 19, 2017 the triac is an ideal device used for the ac switching applications. Speed control of dc motor using triac electric motor direct current. The electric motor speed is fixed when ac motor is connected to ac line.

The dc motor whose speed is to be controlled using the pid controller in the fig. Working of controlling dc motor using thyristor circuit. The ac universal motor drive controls the rotation speed by means of phaseangle partialization. The scr a and b rectifier, the op voltage of transformer t1 and apply this pulsating dc voltages to the armature winding and rectifier c supplies similar voltages to the motor field winding.

As i am searching for different research papers and study material on speed control of 3 phase induction motor i found this matlab simulation. A thyristor supplies the motor during the positive mains half cycle. The principles of pwm using a temperature sensor have been introduced in this paper. How does it work to begin with, the 12v ac voltage from the secondary of transformer comes to bridge diodebd1. Speed control of separately excited dc motor using triac. Speed control of single phase induction motor using triac. Triac circuit working principle, construction and its. The rotating magnetic flux induces current in the winding of the rotor as in a transformer. Ac power control with thyristor using pic microcontroller. Single phase ac motor speed controller engineersgarage.

You can adjust the speed of rotation of the spindle motor from 560 cycles per minute. Speed control of ac motor using triac experiment and training. Dc motors are widely used in industry because of its low cost, less. Continuous speed control of a universal motor running on dc is very easily accomplished using a. Also the speed control of dc motor it may use in different applications, such as lathes, fans, pumps, disc and band saw drive requiring moderate, torques, electric traction, high speed tools, etc.

Another set up consisted of half bridge rectifier consisting of thyristor wherein the speed control for the same dc motor was carried out using the firing angle of. Speed control of induction motor using pwm technique. The setting of p1 determines the phase of the trigger pulse that fires the triac. Feb, 2017 thyristor behaves like electronic latch while using as a switch, because when triggered once it remain in conduction state until getting reset manually. Feb 18, 2016 i am using bt6 triac, if u want to handle more power you can use bt 9. The frequency of magnetic reversal where, p number of poles n speed in rpm steinmetz formula the steinmetz formula is for the calculation of hysteresis loss. You can replace the dc motor with any other dc load and control the any dc circuit.

Speed control methods of various types of speed control. If so you can actually cheat on simplifying your speed controller by using a common light dimmer device ahead of the bridge rectifier as the speed. Speed control of dc motor using triac free download as powerpoint presentation. Triac triode for ac is the semiconductor device widely used in power control and switching applications. To the defects of traditional methods, it proposed the designing strategy of dc motor speed control system.

This type of circuit is normally used for lamp brightness control or motor speed control. Speed of the dc motor is controlled by controlling the armature voltage. Mar 20, 2016 due to the bidirectional control capability of both triac and diac, it is possible to control the firing angle of the triac in both positive and negative peaks of the input. The speed of the motor can be controlled by changing the setting of p1. Initially, the switch s1 and s2 remains in normallyclosed and normallyopen state respectively. You only need to vary the pwm duty cycle to control the speed of the motor. Continuous speed control of a universal motor running on dc is very easily accomplished using a thyristor circuit. Dc motor speed control using triac datasheet, cross reference, circuit and application notes in pdf format. Using practical values, a 100 k potentiometer with up to 17 k minimum residual resistance should be used. I am using bt6 triac, if u want to handle more power you can use bt 9. Ac power control with thyristor using pic microcontroller project is designed to control ac power flow across load. Another set up consisted of half bridge rectifier consisting of.

You can use household equipment like a drilling machine to control the rotating speed of it. Similar calculations using conduction angles between the maximum and minimum values will give control resistance versus power characteristic of this circuit. Simple ac motor speed control circuit using bt6 triac this ac motor speed controller circuit is working based on the triac and diac. The other remaining half no conduction occurs and accordingly only half the waveform can be utilized. Speed control of a dc series motor using a modulated phaseangle controlled single triac. Pdf speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique. The power control system is designed to control the distribution level of ac or dc. In this project paper microcontroller based system to control speed of induction motor is developed using pulse width modulation technique 2. Ac induction motor speed control so what can we do to control the speed of an ac induction motor. With the the increasing use of power semicondutor units, the speed control of dc motor is increasingly getting sophisticated and precise. Scr dc motor control the speed of dc motor can be control by using scr in ac circuit as shown in the below figure. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Study on speed control of dc motor using thyristor irjet.

Veermata jijabai technological institute 50 speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique where. Thyristor is used as a switch to control flow of power. If you want to control the light level of a room or if you want to control the speed of a drill or a fan devices that use ac motors, this is the dimmer ac motor speed controller circuit you are looking for. The triac is fabricated by integrating two thyristors in an inverse parallel connection. For the low cost of the speed control of dc motor using triac. Triac phase control the basic fullwave triac phase control circuit shown. In this project, we are going to show you how to control a load or dc motor using a thyristor. It is used in ac applications such as light dimming, motorspeed control, etc. Pdf thyristor based speed control techniques of dc motor.

Pdf speed control of i m using triac ejaz ansari academia. Noida abstract this paper presents a technique to control the. Dc motors are widely used in industry because of its low cost, less complex control structure and wide range of speed and torque. Triac for ac motor speed controller all about circuits. In a induction motor the rotor rotates at a slower speed than the stator field. Dimmer ac motor speed controller using triac electronics area. As the width of ic555 output pulse is varied using potentiometer, the firing angle of triac changes and motor speed changes circuit description. Dc motors made it the most used in the industrial side, even more ituncomplicated control structure, having is a wide range of speed, and torque the world usage of power increases every day with this increasing. An electrical drives consists of electrical motors, power controllable and energy. When the supply on, thyristor remain reversed biased until the gate pulse provided.

Armature voltage is controlled using different single phase acdc. The dc motors accordingly generates the bcd binary coded decimal was the. Only the thyristor can control over the onehalf of a cycle. The speed control of a dc series motor using an integralcyclecontrolled triac together with a bridge rectifier is studied. Ac motor speed controller circuit electroschematics. Syed jarnil asghar, smooth speed control of singlephase induction motors by integralcycle switching, ieee trans. One very nice example is fan regulator in which a fan motor is 1 ac motor used and its speed is varied using diac triac method. To control the speed of motor i am using thyristor tyn16600ct. So the circuit varies speed of ac motor by changing firing angle of triac by applying pwm generated using ic555 connected in monostable mode. The rotor has winding in the form of close loop of wire7.

If one is not familiar with diodes and ac rectification see the following. For providing gate pulse we have to use push button s2. Diactriac phase angle control circuit it applies chopped ac waveform to motor and varies speed of ac motor. Fa420 ac motor fan dimmer speed control w 220240v triac assembled kit this item was already assembled and tested.

This method consists of changing the rms voltage applied to the motor. Pradesh, india 61 microcontroller based speed control of induction motor. Phase angle control method is used for ac power control with thyristor. This can control the flow of current over both halves of an alternating cycle. Speed control of a dc series motor using an integralcycle. An electronic circuit is suitable for speed control of electronic fan. Speed control of a dc series motor using a modulated phase. Therefore the magnetic field through the rotor is changing rotating. A zero crossing detector circuit is used here to interrupt 89c2051 after every 10 ms. This triac based 220v ac motor speed controller circuit is designed for controlling the speed of small household motors like drill machines.